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Open Imaging Index
MRI Brain

Inhibitory Control in Youth (ds005754)

Multivariate Assessment of Inhibitory Control in Youth: Links with Psychopathology and Brain Function Dataset

T1w MRI and multi-echo resting-state fMRI of children and adolescents with anxiety, ADHD, disruptive mood dysregulation or irritability and youth without a diagnosis, shared with inhibitory control task data and parent symptom ratings from an NIMH study.

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Overview

This OpenNeuro release accompanies a study from the NIMH Intramural Research Program on inhibitory control in children and adolescents. The study asked whether a latent inhibitory control factor, built from four computer tasks (antisaccade, AX continuous performance, flanker and stop signal), relates to symptoms that are shared across anxiety, irritability and ADHD, and to resting-state brain network organization. Alongside the imaging, the release holds trial-level task data, eye-tracking derivatives of the antisaccade task, parent questionnaires (SCARED, ARI, CBRS), K-SADS-PL diagnoses, WASI scores, medications and demographics. It is shared under CC0.

Composition

Youth aged 8 to 18 were recruited with a primary anxiety disorder (generalized, social or separation), disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), ADHD, clinically significant irritability below the DMDD threshold, or no psychiatric diagnosis. The paper analysed 246 participants; 220 of them agreed to public sharing and appear in participants.tsv. MRI was optional, and 124 of the 220 have imaging files: 66 female and 58 male, mean age 13.1 years. In the K-SADS-PL table of these 124, 46 carry a generalized anxiety flag, 32 social phobia, 19 separation anxiety, 26 ADHD and 8 DMDD, with overlap between flags.

Acquisition

All scans come from one GE Discovery MR750 3T scanner with a 32-channel head coil at the NIH Functional MRI Facility. Each imaged subject has one 1 mm T1w MPRAGE (ten are labelled acq-PURE or acq-ABCD) and one 12-minute resting-state run viewing a fixation cross, acquired as multi-echo EPI with three echoes (TR 2 s, 3.8 mm slices), stored as three separate echo files.

Annotations

There are no image labels. Phenotype tables give diagnoses and symptom scales, and behavioral files give per-trial responses for the four tasks.

Known limitations

  • Only 220 of the 246 participants in the paper are shared (the paper itself says 245 consented to sharing), so the published analyses cannot be reproduced exactly.
  • The paper cites an earlier OpenNeuro accession (ds004724) that was withdrawn for subject privacy; ds005754 is the current release.
  • About 44% of shared participants have no MRI.
  • Single site and scanner, one resting run per subject, no task fMRI.

Cohort

Aggregate numbers from the sources below. Bars are relative to the 124 subjects.

Sex

  • Female 66 53%
  • Male 58 47%

participants.tsv (sex) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Contrast / sequence

Groups can overlap

  • T1-weighted 124 100%
  • BOLD fMRI 124 100%

anat/*_T1w.nii.gz, func/*_bold.nii.gz in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Scanner vendor

  • GE HealthCare 124 100%

anat/*_T1w.json (Manufacturer) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Field strength

  • 3 T 124 100%

anat/*_T1w.json (MagneticFieldStrength) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Age

mean 13.1 ± 2.7, median 13.3, range 8.1 to 18

0
50
100
103
0-910-19

participants.tsv (age) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Condition

Groups can overlap

  • Generalized anxiety disorder 46 37%
  • Social anxiety disorder 32 26%
  • ADHD 26 21%
  • Separation anxiety disorder 19 15%
  • Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder 8 6%

phenotype/KSADS.tsv (K_SADS_PL_GAD), phenotype/KSADS.tsv (K_SADS_PL_SOCIAL_PHOBIA), phenotype/KSADS.tsv (K_SADS_PL_SAD), phenotype/KSADS.tsv (K_SADS_PL_ADHD), phenotype/KSADS.tsv (K_SADS_PL_DMDD) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Country

  • United States 124 100%

anat/*_T1w.json (InstitutionName) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Age by sex

Reported cross table. Missing cells were not published (fewer than 10 or not reported).

Female Male
  • 54
    10-19
    49
  • 12
    0-9
    n/a

participants.tsv (sex; age) in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

Contrast combinations

How many subjects have exactly each set of contrasts.

T1wboldSubjects with exactly this set
124

sub-*/ in File listing, participants.tsv, phenotype/KSADS.tsv and JSON sidecars of the ds005754 BIDS repository (CC0), counted over the 124 subjects with MRI files

License and access

Our reading of the license, not legal advice. Before you use the data, read the original license and confirm that your use is allowed. We take no responsibility for how you use a dataset. Full disclaimer

Access
Open download

Download without an account

Access page

Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal

Public domain dedication. Do anything with the data, including commercial use, without asking and without having to give credit.

dataset_description.json of snapshot 1.1.1 states "License" CC0.

Original license text Version read: 1.0 Checked 2026-10-07

What you can do

  • Yes
  • Yes
  • Yes
  • Yes
  • Yes

What you can share

  • Yes
  • Yes
  • Yes

What you must do

  • No
  • Share alike No
  • No
  • No
  • Manuscript review No
  • Release code No
  • Return results No
  • Delete after use No

Limits

  • No
  • Location limits No

Citation

Cardinale EM, Bezek J, Siegal O, Freitag G, Subar A, Khosravi P, Mallidi A, Peterson O, Morales I, Haller SP, Filippi C, Lee K, Brotman MA, Leibenluft E, Pine DS, Linke JO, Kircanski K. Multivariate Assessment of Inhibitory Control in Youth: Links With Psychopathology and Brain Function. Psychological Science 35(4), 376-389 (2024). doi:10.1177/09567976241231574

Sources

Every number on this page comes from one of these documents. Each chart names the table or page it is taken from. The raw numbers are in stats.csv.