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Neonatal Encephalopathy MRI, Kozhikode (South India)

Neonatal Encephalopathic Cerebral Injury in South India Assessed by Perinatal Magnetic Resonance Biomarkers and Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcome

Brain MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and thalamic MR spectroscopy of term newborns with encephalopathy after perinatal asphyxia, collected to describe the pattern of brain injury and its link to outcome at age 3.5 years in a low- and middle-income setting. Images are not shared.

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Overview

This entry describes the brain MRI cohort of a prospective study at Government Medical College, Kozhikode, in Kerala, India, run with Imperial College London and University College London. Term and near-term newborns with perinatal asphyxia and early signs of encephalopathy were recruited over six months in 2009 and imaged in their first weeks of life. The aim was to learn whether brain injury in this low- and middle-income setting starts around birth, and so could be treatable by cooling, and how imaging relates to development at about three and a half years. The images have not been released, and the paper has no data availability statement.

Composition

The study recruited 54 infants with a Thompson encephalopathy score above 5 within six hours of birth. Six died before discharge. Of the 48 survivors, 47 had MRI and one had CT only. Images of three infants were lost before analysis, so 44 infants had scans that were reported. Thirty-one of them had diffusion tensor data of good quality and 22 had thalamic spectroscopy, 20 with both. Seventeen infants in the later part of the study were randomised to whole-body cooling. Thirty-eight survivors were assessed at a mean age of 3.4 years with the Bayley III scales and a neurological examination.

Acquisition

Scans were done on a 1.5 T Siemens Avanto between one and three weeks after birth, at a mean of 9.3 days. The protocol had 3D T1-weighted gradient echo, T2-weighted fast spin echo in two planes, 20-direction diffusion tensor imaging with 5 mm axial slices, and single-voxel proton spectroscopy in the left thalamus.

Annotations

A perinatal neurologist, blinded to clinical data and outcome, scored injury in white matter, cortex, basal ganglia and thalami and the posterior limb of the internal capsule. White matter injury was seen in 40 infants, cortical injury in 31 and deep grey matter injury in 12. Fractional anisotropy was compared between groups with tract-based spatial statistics, and metabolite peak-area ratios were fitted from the spectra.

Known limitations

  • No images, scores or derived maps are shared, and no terms for them are published.
  • The six infants who died, probably the most severely injured, were not imaged.
  • There is no control group of healthy newborns.
  • DTI slice thickness varied between 5 and 6.5 mm across infants.

Cohort

Aggregate numbers from the sources below. Bars are relative to the 44 subjects.

Age

0
10
20
30
40
44
0-0.5

Results: Conventional MR Imaging in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

Scanner vendor

  • Siemens Healthineers 44 100%

Methods: Study Design in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

Country

  • India 44 100%

Methods: Study Design in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

Contrast / sequence

Groups can overlap

  • T1-weighted 44 100%
  • T2-weighted 44 100%
  • Diffusion-weighted 31 70%
  • MR spectroscopy 22 50%

Methods: Study Design, Results: DTI and Thalamic MR Spectroscopy in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

Condition

Groups can overlap

  • Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 44 100%

Methods: Study Design in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

Field strength

  • 1.5 T 44 100%

Methods: Study Design in Lally et al. 2014, PLoS ONE 9(2):e87874

License and access

Our reading of the license, not legal advice. Before you use the data, read the original license and confirm that your use is allowed. We take no responsibility for how you use a dataset. Full disclaimer

Access
Not shared

The data are not available outside the institution or study that holds them

The paper (2014) has no data availability statement and offers no route to the images. The associated PLOS figshare record holds only the supplementary figures and tables of the paper, no images.

Access page

No published license or data use terms

The data holder has published no license and no data use terms. Any use, sharing or commercial right has to be agreed with the data holder, and nothing can be assumed to be allowed. Default copyright and data protection law still apply.

No license or data use terms are published for the images. The CC BY 4.0 license of the article and its figshare supplement covers only the published text, figures and tables.

Original license text Checked 2026-10-08

What you can do

  • Commercial use Not stated
  • Not stated
  • Train ML models Not stated
  • Create derived data Not stated
  • Publish results Not stated

What you can share

  • Share the data Not stated
  • Share derived data Not stated
  • Share trained models Not stated

What you must do

  • Cite or credit Not stated
  • Share alike Not stated
  • Sign an agreement Not stated
  • Ethics approval Not stated
  • Manuscript review Not stated
  • Release code Not stated
  • Return results Not stated
  • Delete after use Not stated

Limits

  • No re-identification Not stated
  • Location limits Not stated

Citation

Lally PJ, Price DL, Pauliah SS, Bainbridge A, Kurien J, Sivasamy N, et al. (2014) Neonatal Encephalopathic Cerebral Injury in South India Assessed by Perinatal Magnetic Resonance Biomarkers and Early Childhood Neurodevelopmental Outcome. PLoS ONE 9(2): e87874. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087874

Sources

Every number on this page comes from one of these documents. Each chart names the table or page it is taken from. The raw numbers are in stats.csv.