Medication overuse headache triple network fMRI (Besta)
Dataset related to article: Triple network disruption in medication overuse headache functional signatures and clinical impact
Resting-state fMRI and structural brain MRI of adults with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache and of healthy controls, collected to study default mode, salience and executive network connectivity and its links to drug overuse, allodynia and mood. Access restricted.
Overview
A case-control cohort from the headache and neuroradiology units of the Carlo Besta neurological institute in Milan, enrolled in the MIND-CM project. Patients with chronic migraine who overuse acute headache drugs were scanned before a structured withdrawal treatment, together with healthy volunteers. The study asked how connectivity within and between three large brain networks (default mode, salience and central executive) differs in these patients, and how it relates to the type of overused drug, skin hypersensitivity during attacks (allodynia), anxiety and depression. The authors deposited the data behind the article as a restricted Zenodo record.
Composition
126 participants were analysed: 91 patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache (80 women, mean age 46.5 years) and 35 healthy controls (30 women, mean age 43.5 years). Of 94 eligible patients, three were dropped for artifacts or head motion. By overuse profile there were 28 triptan users, 40 users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and 23 who overused several drug classes. Questionnaires covered allodynia, depression, anxiety, headache impact and drug intake over three months.
Acquisition
All participants were scanned on one 3 T Philips Achieva dStream system with a 32-channel head coil, between attacks. The protocol included a 1 mm isotropic 3D T1-weighted image and an eyes-open resting-state echo-planar fMRI run of 450 volumes with 3 mm voxels.
Annotations
No image labels. The Zenodo record describes a spreadsheet with age, sex, overused medications, mood and allodynia scores, chronification, disease duration, drug intake and within- and between-network connectivity values for each participant.
Known limitations
The record is restricted, lists no files and states no license, so it is not clear whether the raw images can be obtained or only the derived connectivity table. The cohort comes from a single centre and is mostly female. The authors note that the findings still need to be checked in episodic migraine and in chronic migraine without drug overuse.
Cohort
Aggregate numbers from the sources below. Bars are relative to the 126 subjects.
Sex
- Female 110 87%
- Male 16 13%
Results (Demographic and clinical data) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Condition
Groups can overlap
- Migraine 91 72%Age mean 46.5
- Healthy control 35 28%Age mean 43.5
Results (Demographic and clinical data) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Country
- Italy 126 100%
Methods (Participants) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Contrast / sequence
Groups can overlap
- T1-weighted 126 100%
- BOLD fMRI 126 100%
Methods (MRI assessment) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Scanner vendor
- Philips 126 100%
Methods (MRI assessment) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Field strength
- 3 T 126 100%
Methods (MRI assessment) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Condition by sex
Reported cross table. A dot marks a cell the source does not give.
| Female | |
|---|---|
| Migraine | 80 |
| Healthy control | 30 |
Results (Demographic and clinical data) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
Contrast combinations
How many subjects have exactly each set of contrasts.
| T1w | bold | Subjects with exactly this set |
|---|---|---|
126 |
Methods (MRI assessment) in Demichelis et al. 2025, The Journal of Headache and Pain 26, 268
License and access
Our reading of the license, not legal advice. Before you use the data, read the original license and confirm that your use is allowed. We take no responsibility for how you use a dataset. Full disclaimer
Ask the authors or the data holder. No published process or terms, and access is at their discretion
The Zenodo record is restricted and lists no files; access is requested through the record. It describes a spreadsheet with demographic and clinical data and within- and between-network connectivity values, not images. The article states that data may be made available upon reasonable request.
No published license or data use terms
The data holder has published no license and no data use terms. Any use, sharing or commercial right has to be agreed with the data holder, and nothing can be assumed to be allowed. Default copyright and data protection law still apply.
The Zenodo record shows no license, and the article's data availability statement gives no terms.
What you can do
- Commercial use Not stated
- Not stated
- Train ML models Not stated
- Create derived data Not stated
- Publish results Not stated
What you can share
- Share the data Not stated
- Share derived data Not stated
- Share trained models Not stated
What you must do
- Cite or credit Not stated
- Share alike Not stated
- Sign an agreement Not stated
- Ethics approval Not stated
- Manuscript review Not stated
- Release code Not stated
- Return results Not stated
- Delete after use Not stated
Limits
- No re-identification Not stated
- Location limits Not stated
Citation
Demichelis G, Fedeli D, Ciullo G, Medina Carrion JP, et al. Triple network disruption in medication overuse headache: functional signatures and clinical impact. J Headache Pain 26, 268 (2025). doi:10.1186/s10194-025-02207-9
Sources
Every number on this page comes from one of these documents. Each chart names the table or page it is taken from. The raw numbers are in stats.csv.